Week 33

Monday, August 11

Acts 15:1-35

 

Commentary

          Today’s passage is one of the most important in the Bible, narrating what is often called “the Jerusalem council.” Now that Gentiles are integrating into the church, believers are wondering about the place of the law in the day-to-day lives of Gentile Christians. The Judaizers claimed that Gentiles had to keep the law to be saved, such as by circumcision and strict Sabbath-keeping. Paul and Barnabas have a serious discussion with the Judaizers and the Antioch church sends them and other representatives to Jerusalem to discuss this issue with the apostles. Along their way to Jerusalem, they share the news of the Gentile’s entry into the church with the churches in Phoenicia and Samaria.

          In Jerusalem, the apostles and the pastor gather to consider the matter of Gentiles keeping the law. Peter, Barnabas, and Paul share their experiences of God saving Gentiles. Peter emphasized that, just like Jewish Christians, the Gentile Christians will be saved by faith, not works. James notes that God had already said he would accept the Gentiles into his kingdom through Amos. Gentiles believers, James argues, should keep the moral requirements of the law, namely sexual purity, and should associate with anything that “pollute” them in the eyes of their stricter Jewish brothers so that both groups could fellowship together. All the apostles and elders, along with the Jerusalem church, agree with James. God was surely working in the hearts and minds of his people. This clarification on the place of the law allowed the church to continue to evangelize with great joy and flourishing.

 

Application/Discussion

1. The church had hardly started before it was faced with false teaching and theological controversies. How can we safeguard ourselves and our church against such falsehoods?

2. Notice that the apostles sought the input of the elders, and even ran their decision by the Jerusalem church. What does this suggest about the importance of multiple elders and the input of the congregation in church decisions?

 

Points of Prayer

Adoration: Praise God for his gracious uniting of Jew and Gentile into his family.

Confession: Ask for God’s forgiveness for any disobeying of his commands.

Thanksgiving: Thank God for helping the early church to know what to teach about the law and salvation.

Supplication: Pray for the Holy Spirit’s wisdom for your pastors and your congregation as a whole.


Tuesday, August 12

Acts 15:36-16:24

 

Commentary

We see the beginning of Paul’s second missionary trip in this reading. The journey before this missions journey took him through the cities of the first missions trek in reverse order. Through God’s providence, a disagreement between Paul and Barnabas results in two missionary teams, led by the best missionaries in church history, with two proteges, Silas and Mark. Paul’s journey also led him to Timothy, who would become like a son to Paul. Timothy was the son of a Jewish woman, but his father was Greek and would have prevented his circumcision. Paul circumcises Timothy to avoid unnecessarily offending the Jews they are going to evangelize. Paul’s band of merry men go back to the churches he and Barnabas had planted to give the council’s message about Gentile believers. The churches are strengthened and continue to grow, showing God’s approval and providence.

Next, after being providentially hindered from going to Asia, Paul sees a vision of a man in Macedonia and immediately goes to preach the gospel there. Luke’s narration now begins to include “we” and “us,” suggesting this is the point at which Luke became a traveling companion of Paul. They travel to Philippi and visit its equivalent of a synagogue. In cities without synagogues, worshippers would meet outside and near bodies of water so that they could be found by others easily. The Lord opened Lydia’s heart; she could not come to salvation on her own. God continually draws the lost to himself, believers must simply be faithful to share the gospel and trust God with the results. The mission team then encounters a demon-possessed slave girl who continually interrupts them, so Paul casts the demon out. The girl’s owners, angry at their loss of income, bring Paul and Silas to the magistrates for practicing anti-Roman religion and they are arrested. At some point around this time, Timothy and Luke depart from Paul and Silas. This arrest was another divine appointment, for God had others in Philippi whose hearts he would soon open to the gospel.

 

Application/Discussion

1. When your plans go awry, do not fret! God may be sending you to a Macedonia instead of an Asia. How can stories like this one help us remember that God’s plans are better than our plans?

2. Note the reference to the Holy Spirit and the Spirit of Jesus in 16:6-7. Since the Father sent the Spirit in Jesus’ name, the Spirit of Jesus is simply another name for the Holy Spirit.

 

Points of Prayer

Adoration: Praise God for convicting and converting his enemies into his servants.

Confession: Ask for the Holy Spirit’s help in following God no matter the cost.

Thanksgiving: Thank God for the privilege of knowing and serving him.

Supplication: Pray for the Holy Spirit’s conviction and enlightenment of a lost person you know.



Wednesday, August 13

Acts 16:25-17:9

 

Commentary

          Today’s reading picks up with Paul and Silas in prison. Despite their bodies being hurt so seriously and the poor conditions of their lodging, the men begin singing and praying! They are glad to serve and talk to God wherever they are, and in so doing, they witness about God to all the other prisoners. Suddenly, an earthquake strikes and breaks open the cell doors. The jailer, thinking the prisoners will escape and he will be executed for failing his duty, tries to kill himself. He is interrupted by Paul’s assurance that all the prisoners are there and asks them what he must do to be saved. The jailer seemingly brings the two men to his home to share the gospel with his family as well, and the whole family comes to believe. Paul and Silas share the gospel with all of them even before getting their wounds tended.

          Paul and Silas return to jail at some point, but are released in the morning. Paul insists on telling the authorities they are Roman citizens and were treated against Roman custom. John Polhill noted, “Paul may have seemed a bit huffy in his demand for a formal apology from the magistrates, but that is not the point. It was essential that the young Christian community have a good reputation among the authorities if its witness was to flourish. Christians broke none of the Roman laws. Luke was at pains to show this.”[1] Next, the two men travel to Thessalonica and preach in the synagogue. They have some success in persuading people, but as is the custom by now, they are driven out of town by angry Jews. Still, whether others around them did anything right, Paul and Silas walked above reproach, honoring God and adorning the gospel.

 

Application/Discussion

1. Why would Paul and Silas not escape from the jail when they jailed unjustly?

2. How does Paul and Silas’ singing and praying in prison inspire you to respond in seasons of suffering?

 

Points of Prayer

Adoration: Praise God for his sovereign power over nature and human hearts.

Confession: Ask God’s forgiveness for any ways you have fallen short of his goodness today.

Thanksgiving: Thank God for his wonderful salvation.

Supplication: Ask for the Holy Spirit’s help for your church members to lovingly live out and boldly witness for the gospel in your community.

 


Thursday, August 14

Acts 17:10-34

 

Commentary

Today’s reading introduces us to the Bereans, who honorably examined what Paul was saying with the Scriptures rather than immediately reject it, like so many had. Many Bereans believed the gospel, including some of the city’s most influential men and women. However, a mob from Thessalonica drives Paul to Athens while Silas and Timothy remain to minister in the Berea. Perhaps because Paul was the more prominent and controversial teacher, Silas and Timothy could have stayed in Berea without being bothered too much.

Paul then goes to Athens, where he is distraught at their great idolatry. Paul immediately finds ways to witness to the Athenians, both the Jews and Greeks. Many seem interested in Paul’s message, but Paul clarifies that what he is proclaiming is not simply the next hot fad in philosophy or one god out of a pantheon. Instead, he is proclaiming the one true path to salvation through the one true Savior. Rather than use the Scriptures, which they would have had little familiarity with, he appealed to how nature suggests a divine Creator. The one Creator cannot be confined by or represented by human images and the day he will give each his due is approaching. While some scoffed at Paul’s message, others wanted to keep hearing it, and Paul kept sharing faithfully.

 

Application/Discussion

1. When you hear people mention God or the Bible, do you examine what they say with the Scriptures, or take their word for it?

2. What is different about Paul’s address to the Athenians compared to his addresses to more Jewish audiences? How does Paul both build common ground and clearly state differences when witnessing to the Athenians?

3. What does Paul’s habit of repeatedly reasoning with unbelievers suggest about how we should witness?

 

Points of Prayer

Adoration: Praise God for showing his glory in creation and in Christ.

Confession: Ask for God to help you gladly submit to his lordship in every part of your life.

Thanksgiving: Thank God for the paradise that awaits believers because of the work of Christ.

Supplication: Pray for the Holy Spirit’s conviction and enlightenment to those who follow other religions and the Holy Spirit’s strengthening of missionaries across the world. 


Friday, August 15

Acts 18

 

Commentary

In today’s reading, Paul goes to Corinth. He supports himself there by making tents, not relying on the financial kindness of others to get by. Paul meets a couple who become recurring side characters of the New Testament, Aquilla and Priscilla. He stayed and worked with them, enjoying kinship in the same profession, while continuing to build relationships and teach. Eventually, many people come to know Christ. Paul settles down for a year and a half serving the city. Later, a Jewish opponent tries to get Paul in trouble with the Roman authorities for practicing another religion, but the governor refuses to get involved with what, to him, seemed like their personal, kooky religious matters. Paul lived such an exemplary life, even when someone tried to stick a crime to him, nothing would stay on.

Paul sets off once again, now on his third missionary journey, traveling several places and finally reaching Ephesus. We are introduced to another apostolic sidekick here, Apollos. He was an eloquent and brilliant man, passionate about the gospel, but was limited in his understanding. Apollos only knew of the message of John the Baptist and, seemingly, whatever hearsay about Jesus was available to him. Priscilla and Aquilla took him aside to set some things straight and Apollos continued to point people to Christ.

 

Application/Discussion

1. What might be some advantages of having a tent-making (bivocational) pastor or missionary? What might be some disadvantages?

2. Skill alone is not sufficient for spiritual service, we must have ready hearts and minds. Apollos had an aptitude for teaching and debating, but he still had to learn to utilize that gift for the kingdom for the most effectiveness.

 

Points of Prayer

Adoration: Praise God for his loving, forgiving, redeeming grace and mercy.

Confession: Ask God’s help in making the gospel the greatest priority in your relationships.

Thanksgiving: Thank God for his perfect, complete Word and his guiding, encouraging Spirit.

Supplication: Pray for the Holy Spirit’s guidance and wisdom for your church’s pastors and teachers.


Saturday, August 16

Acts 19:1-27

 

Commentary

In today’s reading, we have the final instance in Acts of a new group receiving the Holy Spirit. Similar to Apollos, many in Ephesus had only heard the message of John, and just knowing the Christ had already come at some point cannot save you from your sins. The Jews received the Spirit, the Samaritans received the Spirit, the Gentiles received the Spirit, and now those who have only heard of John. Paul spent over two years investing in the believers in Ephesus. Church tradition tells us that this church would later be pastored by Timothy and John, so it has quite a pedigree when we think of it now. However, it started with a man who simply faithfully proclaimed God’s Word to a small amount of saints and watched the church grow.

The public preaching and miracle working is influential, that many people decided to burn their witchcraft items, for lack of better words. Paul finally makes it to Asia for a bit; meanwhile, Demetrius gathers men to oppose Paul so that they do not lose their idol business. Kenneth Gangel explained, “Let’s not miss Luke’s cursory handling of this unusual activity. Miracles never form the center of evangelism; they only serve as a means to the end of proclaiming faith in Christ. That held true in the ministry of Jesus and certainly throughout Acts. That such a passage as this should form a basis for people seeking healing through sending cloths through the mail or touching television sets at a certain time is indicative of how like Ephesus our dark and superstitious culture has become.”[2]

 

Application/Discussion

1. Why would Luke show these four different groups receiving the Holy Spirit?

2. Why is John the Baptist’s message inadequate on its own.

 

Points of Prayer

Adoration: Praise God for his great grace, mercy, and love, as displayed in the work of Christ.

Confession: Ask for God’s help in proclaiming the gospel to everyone around you.

Thanksgiving: Thank God for the instruction of his Word.

Supplication: Pray for the Holy Spirit’s conviction and enlightenment of lost person you know well and for opportunities to witness.



Sunday, August 17

Acts 19:28-20:6

 

Commentary

Demitrius from yesterday’s reading has gone much farther than you would expect for a few verses. He riles up all the people in support of Artemis and against the church, but again, the Christians cannot be charged with any wrongdoing. Paul was deep in pagan territory, yet he was as bold for the gospel as ever. Even when opposition arose and even when he seemed he could be trapped, he kept on in faith. Paul then returns to Macedonia, completing his missions circuit, at least for now, and begins a sooner journey soon after.

 

Application/Discussion

1. What themes or patterns have you noticed in our study of Acts that really stand out to you?

2. Did Paul have a hard life? Was it worth it at the end? Of course! Use your life just as passionate and just as much for kingdom!

 

Points of Prayer

Adoration: How can you praise God based on what you just read?

Confession: Is there unconfessed sin in your heart today?

Thanksgiving: How can you thank God based on what you just read?

Supplication: What can you ask for God’s help with based on what you just read?



[1] John B. Polhill, Acts, The New American Commentary vol. 26 (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1992), 358.

[2] Kenneth O. Gangel, Acts, Holman New Testament Commentary vol. 5, (Nashville, TN: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 1998), 323–324.

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